Jacquard mechanism for looms



-(N Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- W. WEAVER.

JAGQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

Patented June 25, 1895.

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No. 541,644". Patented June25, 1895.

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. W. WEAVER JAGQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

No. 541, 44. Patented 111116125, .1895.

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ATENT WILLIAM WEAVER, OF N CRWALK, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE WEAVER J ACQUARD AhlD ELECTRIC SHUTTLE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

,JACQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent lilo. 541,644, dated June 25, 18 9 5.

Application filed July 19, 1894- .Serial No. 'd18 047- (ITO model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LWILLIAM WEAVER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Norwalk, county of Fairfield, and State of Connectiout, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Jacquard Mechanism for Looms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such' as will enable others 10 skilled in the art to which it 'appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to an improvement in Jacquard mechanism for looms.

It has for its object to provide a machine of the character described, which shall be entirely automatic in its action and which may be adapted to any loom of ordinary'construc tion.

2o sides in thegeneral construction and arrangement of the partsshown and claimed whereby the purposes of the invention are attained;v i In the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specification, and in which like letters and figures of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention, the parts being in their initial positions. Fig. 2 is a reverse side elevation showing the position of the parts when the lift- 0 ing-board is elevated. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the invention. Fig. A is a vertical sectional view of the same on the lines w as of Fig. 3, the lifting-board occupying its normal position and the needles being withdrawn'from 5 engagement with the patterncylinder. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view showing the relative positions of the warp-supporting or tail cords in the shifting needles and in "the slots of the lifting-board when the needles 40 are shifted as shown. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are vertical sectional views, parts being broken away, of the pattern-cylinder and its belt, the shifting needles, the lifting-board, and the warpsupporting or tail cords, illustratingthe different positions assumed by the latter in the slots of the lifting-board and needles.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the frame of the machine, adapted to be secured upon or adjacent to any ordinary loom. (Not shown.)

B is a vertically reciprocating lifting board With these objects in view my invention reguided' in its movement by means of projections 1 which engage vertical slots 2 in each side of the frame A. Connected to the lifting board, on opposite sides thereof, are Y- shaped arms 3, whichproject vertically down-.

ward therefrom and are pivotally connected to the ends of lever-arms 4, which are in turn pivoted at 5 t0 the frame A. The lower end of the Y-shaped arms 3 are provided with cam faces 3, the purpose of which will presently appear. A reciprocating movement is imparted to the lever-arms 4 and from them to the Y-shaped arms 3 and lifting board B,

by means of 'cams 6 secured at'each side of the machine upon a transverse shaft 7. The cams 6 are designed to elevate the lifting board B and maintain it in its elevated position for a brief space of time, before returning it to its normally lowered position.

As more particularly pointed out hereinaf- -ter, the warp-supporting devices are arranged in series,-each series comprising asmany warpsupporting devices as there are colors in the .warp, and the lifting-hoard is provided with means for operating the warp-supporting devices so constructed and arranged that any one warp-supporting device of each series of warp-supporting devices may be engaged by .may pass without being engaged by theliftingboard and narrower portions which engage .the Warp-supporting devices, and the enlargements extend on each side of the narrower portions, so that the warp-supporting devices 5 may pass from the narrower portions to the enlargements on either side of the narrower portions.

In the present instance, the lifting-board is shown as provided with series of slots 10: adapted to operate with five warp-supporting cords, the slots being independent of each other and of different relative lengths. Thus, the slots may be said to be of varying widths and lengths. In this particular instance the slot 11, is shown as having an enlargement at one side only of the narrower portion, as with this particular number of threads and the peculiar arrangement of the shifting needles, it is not necessary to provide means for moving the warp-supporting cord 24, to both sides of the narrower portion to carryout the prin ciples of my invention. The slots 8, 9 and 10, of each series are formed with enlargements 8', which are connected by narrower portions 8 which merge into said enlarged portions to form a continuous and unobstructed passage between them.

Arranged above and parallel to the liftingboard B are a series of slotted shifting needles D, the slots or hea ings in which vary in provided with. a series of steps 12, each step.

being of equal length. The diameters of the steps 12 increase. toward the rear end. of the needles,thus forming vertical shoulders 1.2' between each pair of steps.

The pattern cylinder F is provided. in its face with recesses 13, said recesses being of the same depth and diameter and. being equally spaced from each. other. Thepattern belt E passes over the pattern cylinder and is provided with a series ofperforations 14:, each of. Y

tically downward. Upon the lower ends of each.of these cords 20, 21, 22, 2

which registers with a recess 13 of thepattern cylinder F. These perforations are formed in the pattern belt in accordancewith the pattern to be woven, and are of difierent diamei ters.

The shifting needles D are adapted to en.- gage the perforations 14 of the pattern belt E. and recesses 13 of the pattern cylinder, respectively, the extent of the engagement being determined by the size of the perforation in the pattern belt E,.it. being apparent that.

when a perforation of the smallest diameter is in alignment with the needle D the point of the needle will be allowed to pass through the perforation until the firstshoulder 12 comes in contact with the face of the pattern belt. In event, however, of a perforation 14 of the second largest diameter being in front of one of the needles D the point of the needle. will be permitted to enter the perforation until the second shoulder 12? on said. needle comes in contact with theface of the pattern belt, and so on, the size of the perforations in the pattern belt E presented in front of the needles D determining the extent of the forward movement of. said needles, and the extent of the forward movement of the needles determines the color or character of the warp threadsto be raised, as will appear farther ;each provided with a series of slots 15, 16,17

lively, in the lifting board B.

and 18 which vary in length and normally coincide with the slots 8, 9, 10 and 11 respect- (See Fig. 5.)

By constructing the shifting needles as above described the warp-supporting cords are subjected to very little friction for the reason thatthe larger portion of them remain stationary while others are being shifted by the needles.

I have illustrated my machine as being adapted for weaving a fabric of five colors,

; although it. will be understood that this nu mfabric of five colors the warps w are separated ber may be lessened or increased by slightly modifying, some of the parts. In weaving a into series, eachof which contains one thread ofeach color used, and eachseries is passed I through: one space in the reed.

(Not shown.)

l The warp threads to are supported in eyes 19 fof the vertical warpsupporting or tail cords 20, 21, 22, 23' and 2 1 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3,) one 10f. said cords. being provided for each warp 1 thread of a different color.

g are designedtoberaised to open the shed and The warp threads permit the passage of a thread-carrier or pile :wire therethrough, by the action of the lifting-board B upon the warp-supporting or tail (cords 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24, in the manner described farther on.

The warp-support ing or itailicords are secured to the top of the machine in any suitable manner and extend ver- 3 and 24 linigoes 25 are. secured, as is usual.

The warp-supporting or tail cords are each provided with knots 26, which are located thereon atapoint just above the lifting-board B, when in its normally lowered position.

The knots 26 are sufficiently small to permit of their easy passage through the enlarge- ;ments 8 of the slots 8, 9, 10 and 11, but are .too large to pass through the narrower porltions 8 of said slots.

The cords 20, 21, 22, 23

jand 2t are designed to be shifted in theslots .8, 9, 10 and 11 through which they pass, by

the action of the reciprocating shifting needles D thereon, and it will be apparent that the lifting board. It will be noted, however, that the construction of the shifting needles D is such that only one of each series of warp- .supporting or tail cords 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24.

can be shifted at the same time into a narrow portion 8 of the slots 8, 9, 10 and 11, the remaining four cords passing through the enlarged portions 8 of the slots 8, 9, 10 and 11 ICC in order to permit theirknots 26 to pass through the'lifting-board at' its next elevation. From this it will be seen that only one of the warp-supporting or tail cords and its corresponding warp thread can be elevated at a time, but-different cords-0f each duplicate series of said warp-supporting cords may be elevated simultaneously.

The warp-supporting or tail cords 20 and 21 pass through the slots or bearings in the needles D at opposite ends thereof, and through the slot 8 in the lifting-boardB. The warp-supporting cords 22 pass through the slots or bearings 16 in the needles D and through slot 9 in the lifting board, respectively. The warp-supporting cords 23 pass through the slot or bearings 1'7 in the needles D and thence through the slot 10 in the lifting-board B; andthe warp-supporting cords 24 pass through the slots or bearings 18 in the, needles D and through the slots 11 of the lifting-board B, respectively. The relative arrangement of the warp-supporting or tail cords 20,21, 22, 23 and 24, the needles D, and

the lifting-board B is best illustrated in Figs.

5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 ofthe drawings.

As has already been stated, the positions of the warp-supporting or tail cords 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24 in the slots 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the lifting-board B just previous to the elevation of said lifting-board, determines which one of each duplicate series of said cords is to be raised at the next elevation ofthe liftingboard, and as has also been previously stated, the warp-supporting cords are shifted in the slots 8, 9,10 and 11 by the action thereon of the shifting needles D through the slots of which they pass. These needles D are horizontally and independent-1y reeiprocated into engagement with their pattern beltwE at each return of the lifting-board B to its normal position, and are withdrawn simultaneously from engagement with said pattern belt E to permit it to be rotated one step, just subsequent to the starting of the lifting-board on its upward movement. A description of the mechanism for accomplishing this'will presently appear.

When the points of the shifting needles D engage the outer face of the pattern-belt E,

as shown in Fig. 6, they occupy their initialposition, and when in this position the warpsupporting cords 20 are moved into a narrow portion 8 of the slots 8 of the lifting-board B,

'in order that when the lifting-board is next elevated said cord and the warp thread, which it supports, will be moved correspondingly.

When a perforation 13 of the smallest diam eter is moved into alignment with the points of the shifting needles D, said needles will pass intosaid perforation until the first shoulders 12 thereon, come in contact with the outer face of the pattern belt, as shown in Fig. 7, whereupon the cords 21 willbe shifted into the narrow portions 8 of the slots 8 of the lifting-board to the end that their knots 26 will be engaged by the lifting-board at its next elevation, to raise said cords.

In Fig. 8 of the drawings, one of the shift ing needles is shown engaging a perforation 13 of the pattern belt E, of the second greatest diameter, thus permitting said needle to pass into said perforation until its second shoulder 12 comes in contact with the outer face of the pattern belt. When the needles thus engage the pattern-belt E the warp-supporting or tail cords 22 are moved into the narrow portions 8 of the slots 9, in order that they may be engaged by and raised at the next elevation of the lifting-board B. The point of one of these needles D is illustrated in Fig. 9 as engaging a perforation 13 of the pattern-belt E of the third greatest diameter, which allows said needle to pass through said perforation until the third shoulder 12 thereon comes in contact with the outer face of the pattern belt E and stops its further forward movement. When the needles D occupy this position the cords 23 are shifted into the narrow portions 8 of the slots 10, to cause them to be'li'fted at the next upward movement of the lifting-board B.

In Fig. 10 of the drawings one of the shifting needles D isillu'strated as engaging aper foration 13, of'the pattern belt E, of the great-v est diameter, permitting said needle to pass through said perforation a distance corresponding to the length of its full forward -movement. 'When the-needles D thus engage the pattern-belt E the warp-supporting or tail cords 24: are carried into the narrow portion 8 of the slots 11,'in order that the knots 26 on said cords will be engaged by the lifting board at its next upward movement and the warp supporting or tailcords themselves moved correspondingly.

Various means forimpartingastep by step rotary motion to the pattern-belt E and its cylinder F, and for withdrawing the shifting needles D simultaneously from engagement therewith just previous to each movement of the pattern-belt and cylinder, will suggest themselves to skilled mechanics, but I will now describe those which in practice I have found to be the most effective.

The shifting needles D near their rear ends pass through a cross-head H, and are each provided with a collar 27, secured thereon be tween the cross-head Hand the rearof the frame A. Each needle is encircled by aspring 28, which is interposed between the collar 27 and the frame A, and tends to throw said needles into engagement with the patternbelt E.

The cross-head H is guided in slots 29in opposite sides of the frame A, and is secured to horizontal frames 30 arranged on each side of the machine and extending parallel therewith to the front thereof. The front ends of the horizontal frames 30 are pivoted to levers 31, which are arranged on opposite sides of 'the frame A and are pivoted thereto at a point below that of their connection with the frames '30. These levers 31 extend downward parallel to the sides of the frame A and have their lower ends pivoted to the ends of transverse rods 32, the forward ends of which engage the cam-faces 3 of the Y-shaped arms 3. The rods 32 are guided in boxes 33 located at opposite sides of the frame A and are encircled by springs 34 which tend to keep them in contact withthe cam faces 3 of the arms 3.

From the above it will be seen that Whenever the Y-shaped arms 3 are elevated the rods 32 will be moved forward and the upper ends of the levers 31 rearwardly. The rearward movement of the levers 31 will move the horizontal frames 30 and their attached cross-head H correspondingly, which movement of the cross-head will cause it to engage the collars 27 on the needles D, and thus move saidneedles backward against the action of their springs 28, causing them to be withdrawn simultaneously from engagement with the pattern belt E.

Secured upon the shaft 35 of the pattern cylinder F near the opposite ends thereof are levers are moved rearwardly the levers 37 I will be moved. correspondingly and their pawls 38 caused to rotate the ratchet wheels 36, and the pattern cylinder F one step, to bring a new line of perforations 13 of the pattern belt E into alignment with the needles D.

As it may sometimes be desirable to turn the pattern cylinder F and its belt E backward to causea certain portion of the pattern to be rewoven, I have provided mechanism for accomplishing this. This mechanism consists of ratchet wheels 43 journaled upon the ends of the shaft 35, and which are designed to be rotated in an opposite direction to the ratchet wheels 36. Lever arms 44 are journaled upon the shaft 35 adjacent to the ratchet wheels 43 and hang diametrically opposite to the levers 37. These levers are each provided with a pawl 45 which normally hangs out of engagement with the ratchet wheels 43, and which are designed to be drawn up into engagement with said ratchet wheels by means of cords 46, which pass over pulleys 47 and extend downward at the sides of the frame A to a point within easy reach of the operator. At the same time the pawls 45 are thrown into engagement with their ratchet wheels 43 to move them, and the pawls 38 are lifted from their ratchet wheels 36 by means of a branch 48 of the cord 46, to allow the pattern cylinder to be turned backward. (See Figs. 1, 2 and 3.)

The operation of the machine as described above is as follows: Assuming the liftingboard 13 to be in its normally lowered position and the needles D into engagement with the pattern-belt E (as shown in Fig. 1) the lift ing-board B will be elevated, causing one of each series of cords 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24 to be lifted. Vhen these cords are lifted the warp threads w,which pass through the eyes 19 thereof, will be drawn upward (as shown in Fig. 2) thereby opening the shed to permit a thread-carrier orpile wire to be passed therethrough. Simultaneously with the elevation of thelifting-board B the needles D will be withdrawn from engagement with the pattern belt E and the pattern cylinder F and belt E will be rotated one step to bring a new series of perforations into alignment with the points of the needles D.

The advantages of the several parts ofmy improvements will be appreciated by those skilled in the art to which it appertains; and within the scope of my inventiou,modifieations may be madein the form, construction and position of the parts and some features of my invention used without others, as for instance, ordinary shifting needles, having eyes at equal distances apart could be used in connection with the improved lifting-board,

accomplishing some of the advantages of my invention, but as in that case all the warpsupporting cords of the series would have to be moved at each movement of the needles, the full advantages of the invention would not be attained, since hat I claim isl. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination with suitable lifting mechanism, of shifting needles, warpsupporting devices arranged in series each series being under the :the control of a single shifting needle, and 1 pattern devices controlling the movements of fthe shifting needles, the shifting needles being adapted to move difierent distances to 5 bring any one warp-supporting device of each series of warp-supporting devices into position for engagement with the lifting mechan- }ism, substantially as described.

2. In Jacquard mechanism forlooms, the

combination of the lifting-mechanism pro- ;vided with slots of varying widths and lengths,

suitable warp-supporting devices, the shifting-needles provided with bearings of different lengths, arranged to shift the warp-supporting devices into engagement with the lifting-mechanism, and the needle-engaging devices for regulating the forward movement of the shifting-needles, substantially as described.

3. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the lifting-board provided with slots of varying widths and lengths, means for operating the lifting-board, Warpsupporting devices, the shifting-needles pro vided with bearings arranged to shift thewarpsupporting devices in the slots of the liftingboard and pattern-devices for regulating the movement of the shifting-needles, substantially as described.

4. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the lifting-board provided with slots of varying widths and lengths,

means for operating the'lift-ing-board, warpsupporting cords, the shifting-needles pro vided with bearings of different lengths arranged to shift the warp-supporting-cords in the slots of the lifting-board, and pattern-devices for regulating the movement of the shifting-needles, substantially as described.

5. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of a lifting-board provided with slots of varying widths and lengths, means for operating said lifting-board, the reciprocating shifting-needles provided with slots of varying lengths, the warp-supporting cords en'- gaging the slots of the shifting-needles and lifting-board, and means for reciprocating the shifting-needles to cause them to shift the warp-supporting cords in the slots of the lifting-board, substantially as described.

6. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of a lifting-board-provided with series of slots of different widths and lengths, means for operating the lifting-board, warpsupporting cords engaging. the slots of the lifting-board, and means for shifting the warpsupporting cords in the slots of the liftingboard, substantially as described.

7. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the shifting-needles having stepped ends, and each being provided with bearings of varying lengths, warp-supporting devices engaging said bearings, pattern devices for regulating the movement of the shifting-needles, and mechanism adapted to operate the warp-supporting devices as they are brought into engagement therewith, substantially as described.

8. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the

combination of a pattern-device provided with perforations of different sizes, the shifting-needles having stepped ends and each provided with bearings of varying lengths, warp-supporting cords engaging said heat-- ings, and the lifting-mechanism adapted to lift the warp-supporting cords as they are.

brought into engagement therewith,substantially as described.

9. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the lifting-board provided with slots of varying widths and lengths, means for operating the lifting-board, a series of shifting-needles, having bearings of different lengths, warp-supporting cords engaging the bearings of the shifting-needles and lifting-board, pattern-devices, adapted to be engaged by the shifting-needles and means for moving the shifting-needles into and withdrawing them from engagement with the pattern-devices, substantially as described.

10. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the lifting-board provided with transverse series of slots, the slots forming a series being of different Widths and lengths, means for operating said liftingboard, pattern-devices arranged adjacent to movement of the shifting needles, substan- I tially as described.

12. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of suitable lifting-mechanism provided with slots of different widths and lengths, warp-supporting devices engaging the slots of the lifting-mechanism and means .for shifting the warp-supporting devices in the slots of the lifting-mechanism, substantially as described.

13. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the lifting-mechanism, pro vided with slots of varying widths and lengths, the warp-supporting. devices, the shiftingneedlesprovided with bearings of different lengths arranged to shift the warp-supporting devices successively into engagement with the lifting-mechanism, and pattern-devices for regulating the movement of the shifting-needles, substantially as described.

14:. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of a pattern-device provided with perforations of different sizes, the shift ing-needles having stepped ends, the warpsupporting devices and lifting-mechanism provided with slots of varying widths and lengths, substantially as described.

15. In Jacquard mechanism for looms, the combination of the lifting-mechanism, suitable warp-supporting devices arranged in series, each series being under the control of a single shifting-needle, the shifting-needles provided with bearings of different relative lengths whereby the warp-supporting devices are moved successively into engagement with the liftingmechanism, and pattern-devices adapted to move the shifting-needles to predetermined points to cause the desired warpsupporting device to be moved into engagement with the lifting mechanism, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' WILLIAM WEAVER.

Witnesses:

PAUL W. STEVENS, ELBERT O. HULL.

TOO 

